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    Wide-Angle Photography / 廣角攝影

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    廣角鏡頭的視角超過45度，45度即已知底片片幅所用的標準或正常鏡頭的大致視角。在任何片幅內，廣角鏡頭總是短於正常焦距。這類鏡頭的成像比正常影像小，隨之所包含的景物也增加。景物的大小與焦距的長短成正比：一個鏡頭具有另一鏡頭的1/2焦距，則放大倍率也只有1/2之大。視場覆蓋的增加成反比：焦距減半，則視場的大小加倍。
    　中廣角鏡頭用於新聞攝影、報導和其他狹窄環境下的拍攝中。它也可用於拍攝大的團體照片。廣角鏡頭各檔光圈與正常焦距相比具有更大的景深，這點對快速抓拍和無法精確對焦的情況下特別有用。這些鏡頭與正常鏡頭相比，在透視再現上有些誇大，當被攝體離照相機很近或傾斜拍攝時，這種情況尤其明顯。透視誇大使靠近畫面邊緣的垂直線和球形物體變形，這種畸變隨著焦距的縮短而越來越明顯，故拍攝時應特別注意保持照相機的水平位置。
    　超廣的廣角鏡頭，如視角在120度以內的，會在邊緣部分發生嚴重的畸變，特別當照相機的焦平面與被攝體不平行時尤甚。超廣角鏡頭即使在大光圈時也有足夠的景深，有時景深如此之大使對焦沒有必要。這類鏡頭用於廣告插圖、建築攝影以及一般攝影者作為特殊效果鏡頭之用。
    　能產生180度或更大視角的是魚眼鏡頭。這類鏡頭經常產生圓形影像，而且是有意識製造得使畫格邊緣的垂直和水平物體呈極度畸變。
    此為轉載資料 - 如有侵權請留言告知，謝謝您！→ 留言板 ←
    9/22/2009 12:32 PM | Blog it | 攝影專有名詞

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